The Pauillac region built its reputation from Antiquity, thanks to its flourishing port activity. Taking advantage of its proximity to the river, it became an essential stop in the bronze trade. Then, in the mid-13th century, the first vines appeared. These would remain and extend until the 16th century, a prosperous period that marks the beginnings of great Médoc viticulture. It was during this period that many properties were built and cultivation and vinification techniques were improved. Pauillac became the most important wine port of the Médoc, managing the transport of all viticultural production in the surrounding area. At the beginning of the 19th century, the arrival of European négociants and brokers became synonymous with commercial apogee, earning Pauillac the title of capital of the viticultural Médoc.
Covering approximately 1,100 hectares, the Pauillac production zone possesses a characteristic terroir. Its modelling of Garonne gravel ridges — from the Quaternary era — gives its landscape a unique morphology. A very high-quality limestone soil, known as Saint-Estèphe limestone, is also found here. A soil diversity supported by the presence of alluvial water tables and some rocky bases of Eocene limestone. Generally extremely poor soils that ensure the quality of the Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Petit Verdot and Malbec vines.
This multiplicity of soils and terroirs is highlighted by the different properties located here. Latour has more clay and marl than limestone, with high-quality Quaternary gravels. More substantial than at Mouton Rothschild or Lafite Rothschild, they absorb the sun's warmth during the day to release it at night, becoming genuine natural thermal regulators.
With three estates appearing among the top five Grands Crus Classés of 1855 — Lafite Rothschild, Latour and Mouton Rothschild — Pauillac honours its status as the Médoc capital. No fewer than 18 Classified Growths are found here, representing 85% of total production. Its complex wines brilliantly combine power and delicacy. They take us on a sensory adventure through their ample and unctuous palate. The fine framework of tight tannins, the indulgent bouquet and the immense ageing potential make them rich and highly coveted wines, worthy of their exceptional terroir.
For importers and wine merchants worldwide, Pauillac represents one of the most magical names in Bordeaux. Its first growths are among the most collected and most traded wines at auction on the planet. But Pauillac also means its second, third, fourth and fifth classified growths, which offer a complete range of great Médoc wines suited to all cellars and all premium budgets.
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